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Applications and implementations of small nonmagnetic dc-to-dc converter circuits realizable as hybrid integrated circuits are reviewed. In low power applications these converters offer smaller size, lower cost, and less complexity than more traditional converters using magnetic energy storage elements. In addition, when used as on-board power units, these converters can be turned on and off in response to system power needs, resulting in significant energy savings.
Kunzinger et al. (Sun,) studied this question.
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