A new class of modified gravity theories, made possible by subtle features of the canonical formulation of general covariance, naturally allows MOND-like behavior (MOdified Newtonian Dynamics) in effective space-time solutions without introducing new fields. A detailed analysis reveals a relationship with various quantum-gravity features, in particular in canonical approaches, and shows several properties of potential observational relevance. A fundamental origin of MOND and a corresponding solution to the dark-matter problem are therefore possible and testable.
Bojowald et al. (Thu,) studied this question.