Growth of Intra-BRICS Trade and New Trade Corridors: Dynamics, Challenges, and Prospects

The article analyzes modern trade flows and structural features of the BRICS economies, identifies key commodity trends, the interdependence of regional markets and imbalances in foreign trade. The formation of new transport and logistics corridors (for example, the Northern Sea Route and the trans-Caspian route), which strengthen intra-union cooperation, reduce logistical costs and increase transit efficiency, is being studied separately. The impact of the expansion of the BRICS (BRICS+) membership on the interrelationships of the participants and the prospects for deepening economic ties within the bloc is considered. Integration problems have been identified: economic asymmetries, regulatory and currency barriers that make it difficult to unify markets. The prospects for the development of settlements in national currencies and the creation of the BRICS Pay digital payment system, which can reduce the dollarization of the bloc's foreign trade, are being assessed. In general, the role of BRICS in the transformation of the global trade architecture towards multipolarity and diversification is emphasized.