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The authors introduce a new approach for the deformation of surface and raster models in two and three dimensions. Rather than deforming the model, they deform the agents employed to render it. The method uses one deformation tool (the deflector) to deform any object that is ray traceable. Based on deforming the rendering primitives rather than objects, the approach invests computation effort only in those regions of the model that contribute to the final image.
Kurzion et al. (Wed,) studied this question.