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This paper investigates the problem of state estimation in very large power systems, which may contain several control areas. An estimation approach which coordinates locally obtained decentralized estimates while improving bad data processing capability at the area boundaries is presented. Each area is held responsible for maintaining a sufficiently redundant measurement set to allow bad data processing among its internal measurements. It is assumed that synchronized phasor measurements from different area buses are available in addition to the conventional measurements provided by the substation remote terminal units. The estimator is implemented and tested using different measurement configurations for the IEEE 118-bus test system and the 4520-bus ERCOT system.
Zhao et al. (Sun,) studied this question.