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Low power operation of smart sensors is an area of extreme importance when considering the emerging Internet of Things (IoT) and Industry 4.0 technology. This is essential when one considers how smartly nodes will be linked to the internet and how they are remotely monitored. At the transmission distance, each device interconnects with adjacent devices which are densely distributed in a dynamic network topology. Thus, the network can experience frequent failures to transmit data packet to the base station or any other intended receiving device due to limited resources. This paper proposes an energy efficient routing algorithm (EERA) for sensed-loT network that selects shortest but best route for reliable and efficient data packet transmission to the destination device based on ant colony optimization and key management technology (ACO-KMT) framework, motivated by natural ant performance. The simulation results show and demonstrate that the proposed EERA exhibits a better performance when compared to other algorithms such as long hop first scheduling algorithm (LHSA) and energy efficient secured routing (EESR) protocol. The proposed EERA also exemplifies an excellent performance in energy efficiency and data packet transmission efficiency for a different number of loT network devices in consideration.
Iwendi et al. (Mon,) studied this question.