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Hydroquinone is a mercury compound derived from benzene, has the chemical formula C6H6O2 and is classified as very toxic. The mechanism of action of hydroquinone as a skin lightener is by inhibiting the enzymatic oxidation of tyrosine to 3, 4-dihydrophenylalanine (DOPA), inhibiting the activity of the tyrosinase enzyme in melanocytes and reducing the amount of melanin directly. The purpose of the review is to analyze the hydroquinone content both qualitatively and quantitatively in cosmetic samples. The journal search method was carried out on the website https://scholar.google.com with the keyword "hydroquinone analysis" and published within the last 10 years. Qualitative analysis can be carried out using the color reaction method and Thin Layer Chromatography while the Quantitative Analysis can be performed using the Titration Series, UV-Vis Spectrophotometry, High Performance Liquid Chromatography, TLC-Densitometer, and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy. The best method that can be used for qualitative analysis is thin layer chromatography, while quantitatively is High Performance Liquid Chromatography.
Suharyani et al. (Mon,) studied this question.