Hybrid Electric Vehicle Energy Management Using Game Theory

The topic of energy management in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) has received a great deal of recent attention. Various methods have been proposed to develop algorithms which manage energy flows within HEVs so that to optimally exploit energy storage capability of the battery and reduce fuel consumption while maintaining battery State of Charge. In addition, to the rule-based approaches, systematic optimal control methods based on deterministic and stochastic dynamic programming have been explored for HEV energy management optimization. In this paper, another novel framework based on the application of game theory is proposed, in which the HEV operation is viewed as a non-cooperative game between the driver and the powertrain. The paper illustrates the development of a game theory solution for HEV energy management and compares the approach with the rule-based and dynamic programming based methods in terms of the design procedure, fuel consumption, computational effort to construct the solution and implementability.