Cardiopulmonary bypass and cardioplegic arrest elicit complex vasomotor disturbances, including reduced peripheral vascular resistance and increased propensity to spasm in various vascular beds.
This review outlines the mechanisms and clinical correlates of vasomotor alterations, such as peripheral vasodilation and organ-specific vasospasm, following cardiopulmonary bypass and cardioplegic arrest.
Cardiopulmonary bypass and cardioplegic arrest, which allow for support of the circulation and stabilization of the heart during cardiac procedures, are still used for the vast majority of cardiac operations worldwide. However, in addition to a well-recognized systemic inflammatory response, cardiopulmonary bypass and cardioplegic arrest elicit complex, multifactorial vasomotor disturbances that vary according to the affected organ bed, with reduced vascular resistances in the skeletal muscle and peripheral circulation, and increased propensity to spasm in the cardiac, pulmonary, mesenteric and cerebral vascular beds. This article outlines the nature, mechanistic basis, and clinical correlates of the vasomotor alterations encountered in patients undergoing cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass and cardioplegic arrest.
Marc Ruel (Wed,) conducted a review in Vasomotor dysfunction after cardiac surgery. Cardiopulmonary bypass and cardioplegic arrest was evaluated. Cardiopulmonary bypass and cardioplegic arrest elicit complex vasomotor disturbances, including reduced peripheral vascular resistance and increased propensity to spasm in various vascular beds.