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Using a simple model we show that the phonon contribution to photoemission line shapes is identical when the hole-state lifetime is either long or short compared to a typical phonon period. The principles are extended to Auger electron, x-ray absorption, and x-ray emission spectroscopies and should also be applicable to other excitation processes in x-ray photoemission. Experimental examples demonstrating these principles are cited.
Citrin et al. (Tue,) studied this question.