The Principle of Multilevel Interaction in the Formation of Taxis Meanings of German Prepositional-Deverbative Constructions

This article examines the formation of taxis meanings in prepositional-deverbative constructions (PDCs) in modern German. The relevance of this study stems from the need to overcome methodological fragmentation in the study of these constructions and to develop a coherent theoretical model explaining the mechanisms of semantic integration of multi-level linguistic resources. The scientific novelty of this work lies in the substantiation and consistent implementation of the principle of multi-level interaction as a fundamental mechanism for generating taxis semantics in PDCs. The aim of the study is to identify and systematically describe the set of multi-level factors that determine the implementation of relations of simultaneity and non- simultaneity. The material is a sample of 10,000 utterances obtained using the continuous sampling method from the Leipzig National Corpus of the German Language. The methodological basis is an integrative approach combining functional-semantic, contextual, and componential analysis within the unity of onomasiological and semasiological aspects. The study revealed that the taxis meaning of prepositional-deverbative constructions is formed as a result of nonlinear interaction of four levels: 1) word-formation (verbogenicity parameter of the deverbative); 2) lexical-aspectual (actional semantics); 3) relational (categorical semantics of the preposition); 4) contextual-modulation (aspectual characteristics of the main predicate, determinants, discursive factors). Typical combinations of these parameters that regularly produce certain taxis models were identified: constructions of simultaneity (with the prepositions bei, in, während, mit) and constructions of multitemporality (with the prepositions vor, nach, seit). It was proven that prepositional-deverbative constructions represent a dynamic semantic-syntactic system, the final meaning of which arises as a result of the integrative interaction of all the identified levels. The obtained results contribute to the development of taxis theory, functional grammar and construction grammar, and can also find application in the practice of teaching German