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This study aims to investigate the influence of environmental and non-environmental factors on tourist satisfaction in halal tourism destinations in West Sumatra. The environmental factor is perceived environmental value. Meanwhile, non-environmental factors are halal-friendly destination performance, sustainability tourism development, and halal destination image. The survey was conducted by distributing questionnaires to 690 respondents who visited halal tourism destinations in West Sumatra. It was analyzed by using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM)—Partial Least Square (PLS). The results indicate environmental factors (perceived environmental values) and non-environmental factors (halal-friendly destination performance, sustainable tourism development, and halal destination image influence tourist satisfaction. Moreover, sustainability tourism development mediates the effect of perceived environmental value on tourist satisfaction. However, sustainability tourism development does not mediate the effect of halal-friendly destination performance on tourist satisfaction. Meanwhile, the halal destination image does not moderate the effect of sustainability tourism development on satisfaction. Thus, our research can be used as a reference for tourist destination managers to increase tourist satisfaction by maintaining and managing the tourist destination environment properly.
Zulvianti et al. (2022) studied this question.