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We develop a computationally efficient approximation of the maximum likelihood (ML) detector for 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. The detector is based on a convex relaxation of the ML problem. The resulting optimization is a semidefinite program that can be solved in polynomial time with respect to the number of inputs in the system. Simulation results in a random MIMO system show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the conventional decorrelator detector by about 2.5 dB at high signal-to-noise ratios.
Wiesel et al. (Tue,) studied this question.