Fabrication of Biocompatible PVA Nanofiber Composites With Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities

ABSTRACT This study aims to develop polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)‐based bioactive nanofiber composites incorporating quercetin, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), and ciprofloxacin (CIP) for potential applications in biomedical and cosmetic fields. The resulting mixture was fabricated into nanofiber mats using the electrospinning technique. Comprehensive characterization of the fabricated fibers was conducted using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS). SEM analysis revealed the successful production of aligned nanofibers with smooth, bead‐free morphology and a uniform diameter distribution. The absence of new peaks in FTIR spectra, along with the preservation of characteristic peaks and the detection of all principal elements in EDS, confirmed the homogeneous integration of composite components within the fiber matrix while maintaining their chemical integrity. TGA results demonstrated that the nanofibers exhibited thermal stability up to approximately 330°C. Antioxidant activity assessed by the DPPH assay indicated high efficacy (2 mg/mL) with an inhibition rate of 92.13%, comparable to that of ascorbic acid. Furthermore, antimicrobial evaluations confirmed potent activity against both Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values below 25 μg/mL. These findings suggest that the developed PVA/Quercetin/MSN‐NH 2 /CIP nanofiber composites represent a promising biocompatible and biodegradable platform for applications in skin treatments, wound healing, and cosmetic products.