The persistent energy insecurity confronting Nigerian tertiary institutions — characterised by chronic grid power outages, prohibitive diesel generator costs, and unreliable electricity supply that undermines academic and research productivity — demands a paradigm shift in campus energy infrastructure design. This paper presents the design and performance evaluation of an Artificial Intelligence-Integrated Solar-Powered Modular Building System (AI-SPMBS) specifically conceived for energy self-sufficient tertiary institution campuses in Nigeria and comparable developing-world educational environments. The system integrates photovoltaic solar energy generation, advanced battery energy storage, AI-driven energy management algorithms, and modular prefabricated building construction into a unified, scalable, and digitally intelligent campus infrastructure model. The study is structured around four research objectives: (1) assessment of solar generation capacity and energy self-sufficiency potential; (2) evaluation of AI energy management system optimization effectiveness; (3) performance evaluation of the modular construction approach in terms of speed, cost, and quality; and (4) total cost of ownership and return on investment analysis. The AI-SPMBS prototype, evaluated against Auchi Polytechnic campus as a reference case, achieved a modelled energy self-sufficiency index of 87.3%, a 34% reduction in energy-related operational costs, an AI-optimized load dispatch efficiency of 91.2%, and a modular construction timeline reduction of 42% compared to conventional methods. These results confirm the AI-SPMBS as a transformative infrastructure model for Nigeria's tertiary education sector and a replicable template for the broader developing world.
Bamidele et al. (Sat,) studied this question.