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This work analyzes the existing neutron electric dipole moment measurement techniques and proposes a new method for direct imaging of protons.

June 1, 2026Open Access

The Neutron Electric Dipole Moment as an Indirect Frequency Method and a Direct Experimental Proposal for Proton Orientational Shadow Imaging within TMD

Key Points

This work analyzes the existing neutron electric dipole moment measurement techniques and proposes a new method for direct imaging of protons.
Qualitative analysis of conventional EDM measurement techniques focusing on frequency differences.
Introduction of proton orientational shadow imaging using transverse laser beams and superconducting detectors.
Discussion of the limitations of existing techniques and the feasibility of the proposed experimental setup.
The traditional EDM method relies on indirect frequency measurements and has conceptual limitations.
The proposed imaging concept allows for measurement of spatial and phase structures of baryons, offering a richer dataset.
Technologically feasible experimental setup using current components can enhance understanding of baryon structures.

Abstract

This work provides a qualitative analysis of the standard experimental method used to measure the neutron electric dipole moment (EDM) and demonstrates that it is fundamentally an indirect frequency-based technique. The EDM is not measured directly; instead, it is reconstructed from a very small difference between two Larmor precession frequencies obtained under opposite electric field orientations. We discuss the conceptual and systematic limitations of this approach, including its strong model dependence and the absence of any spatial or phase information about baryon structure. In contrast, within the Triadic Mesh Dynamics (TMD) framework, we introduce a direct experimental concept: proton orientational shadow imaging. This method aims to measure the spatial and phase structure of the orientational deficit surrounding a single trapped proton using a transverse laser beam, optical delay lines, and an array of superconducting detectors. The proposed experiment is technologically feasible with existing components and offers a richer and more informative dataset than traditional EDM measurements. It represents a potentially faster, cheaper, and more direct probe of baryon internal structure.

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