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Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 play important roles in the early, innate immune response to microbial challenge. TLR2 is preferentially involved in the inflammatory response to lipoteichoic acid, lipopeptides, and glycans from a variety of microbes, whereas TLR4 is essential for a complete response to LPSs. We report here that TLR2 transduces the response to phenol-soluble modulin, a factor secreted by Staphylococcus epidermidis. The TLR2-mediated response to this modulin was enhanced by TLR6 but inhibited by TLR1, indicating a functional interaction between these receptors. We also demonstrate that a response to phenol-soluble modulin mediated by TLR2 and TLR6 was more refractory to inhibition by TLR1 than one mediated by TLR2 alone.
Hajjar et al. (Mon,) studied this question.