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Abstract A review of the published literature on effects of ammonia on fish indicates that un-ionized ammonia alone is probably not the cause of gill hyperplasia, indicative of, or previously attributed to, chronic ammonia poisoning. The maximum safe concentration of un-ionized ammonia is unknown, but in many cases it is not close to the 0.0125 mg/L value commonly accepted by fish culturists.
James W. Meade (Mon,) studied this question.