Space-time S-matrix and flux tube S-matrix II. Extracting and matching data

We elaborate on a non-perturbative formulation of scattering amplitudes/null polygonal Wilson loops in planar N = 4 Super-Yang-Mills theory. It allows one to compute a precise IR finite ratio of scattering amplitudes that captures all the conformally invariant data of interest. Our construction is based on a decomposition of the dual Wilson loops into elementary building blocks named pentagon transitions. This discussion expands on a previous letter of the authors where these transitions were introduced and analyzed for the so-called gluonic excitations. In this paper we revisit these transitions and extend the analysis to the sector of scalar excitations. We restrict ourselves to the single particle transitions and bootstrap their finite coupling expressions using a set of axioms. Besides these considerations, the main focus of the paper is on the extraction of perturbative data from scattering amplitudes at weak coupling and its comparison against the proposed pentagon transitions. We present several tests for both the hexagon and heptagon (MHV and NMHV) amplitudes up to two- and three-loop orders. In attached notebooks we provide explicit higher-loop predictions obtained from our method.