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Moskos' hypothesis of change in military organization and orientation from an institutional to an occupational model has stimulated a great deal of policy concern and research. Its major components, however, have not been effectively measured, nor its assumption of linear change over time tested. This paper places Moskos' concerns in the context of broader theories of social change and reviews the attempts that have been made at theoretical specification and measurement. Based upon the existing research, it recommends an alternate formulation"pragmatic professionalism"that subsumes both the institutional and occupational dimensions. A research agenda that uses several kinds of data is suggested to monitor changing military organization and values.
David R. Segal (Tue,) studied this question.