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This exploratory study examines the effects of perceived free time availability on perceptions of time pressure and time deprivation, on student performance, and on perceptions of university work. The effects of perceived time pressure, perceived time deprivation, and perceptions of university work on student emotions are also examined. The results suggest that students who report less free time perform better academically in terms of grade point average than do those with more reported free time. Further, those with less reported free time indicated more expectations for success in their future careers. Scarce free time had no negative effect on student enjoyment of courses or on liking of professors. However, perceived time pressure and time deprivation were associated with negative emotions.
Ackerman et al. (Tue,) studied this question.