Study of Leucorrhea Cases by Gram Stain and Aerobic Bacterial Culture

Vaginitis is inflammation of cervical mucosa. Women who present with vaginal symptoms often complain of an abnormal discharge and possibly other symptoms such as an offensive odour or itching. The most common cause for vaginitis are Trichomoniasis, Candida Vaginitis (Moniliasis) and Bacterial Vaginosis. Vaginal discharge may be blood-stained or otherwise. Pathologically significant vaginal discharge can be white, cream, yellow or greenish discharge. Women coming to the outpatient department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department with complaints of white discharge per vagina were approached, explained about the purpose of the study and informed consent was taken. A non-lubricated Sim’s speculum was inserted into the vagina after keeping the patient in dorsal position. An anterior vaginal wall retractor was used to retract the anterior vaginal wall. A high vaginal swab was taken using a sterile swab supplied by the Department of Microbiology. A smear was prepared for Gram’s staining and culture plates, both blood agar and MacConkey’s agar were inoculated and incubated. Out of the total 70 samples collected 25(36%) were positive for bacterial vaginosis and 45(64%) were negative. Cases of co-infection of bacterial vaginosis and Staphylococcus aureus (A gram positive cocci) and also Gram Negative bacilli (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Gram negative non-fermenters were isolated. Direct microscopic examination of clinical material is often used in the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis. In this study, we have evaluated the Gram’s stain, standard clinical and microbiological (culture) criteria. In the present study the incidence of BV was 36%. This correlates with other Indian studies performed by (Bhalla et al., 2007) which gave a result of 32.8% incidence of bacterial vaginosis