Microstrip patch antennas are widely used in wireless communication, satellite systems, mobile devices, and biomedical applications due to their compact size, low profile, and ease of fabrication. The method used to feed power to the antenna patch plays a key role in determining its performance, including bandwidth, gain, impedance matching, and radiation pattern. This paper reviews the different feeding techniques used for microstrip patch antennas. These techniques are divided into two main types: contacting methods and non-contacting methods. Contacting methods include microstrip line feed, inset feed, and coaxial probe feed, where the feed is directly connected to the patch. Non-contacting methods include aperture coupled feed and proximity coupled feed, which use electromagnetic coupling to transfer power. Each feeding method has its own advantages and drawbacks in terms of design complexity, fabrication, bandwidth, and spurious radiation. This paper all these antenna feeding techniques are well described. simulations of microstrip patch antenna using above feeding techniques can be performed using High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS). Parameters such as S-parameter, VSWR, gain, and radiation pattern may be analyzed using each technique. The study helps in understanding how the choice of feeding technique impacts antenna characteristics and provides guidance for selecting the most suitable method based on specific application requirements.
Prof. Jayesh Gokul Pathak (Thu,) studied this question.