This study presents a comprehensive numerical analysis of an innovative green thermal heating system that integrates solar photovoltaic (PV) panels with indoor phase change material (PCM) modules to enhance residential thermal comfort and promote sustainable energy use. The system utilizes solar energy to charge the PCMs, which store and release thermal energy, thereby significantly reducing dependence on conventional heating methods. Various system configurations were evaluated, ranging from a baseline model without PCM to advanced designs featuring dual PCM modules, optimized separators, and an intelligent solar charging system. The results demonstrate the system’s capability to stabilize indoor temperatures in changing weather conditions. While the basic PCM configuration exhibited considerable potential for thermal energy storage, challenges such as thermal overload and seasonal inefficiencies were identified. Enhanced configurations, including dual PCMs with different melting points, optimized module dimensions, and the replacement of steel separators with insulating materials, improved both thermal management and energy efficiency. Notably, the integration of a smart solar charging system, which dynamically adjusts the number of active PV panels based on real-time energy demand, significantly enhanced uniform energy distribution and thermal performance. Long-term simulations conducted over six winter months validated the system’s effectiveness in maintaining stable indoor temperatures, efficiently managing thermal loads, and maximizing solar energy utilization. The findings highlight the system’s potential to substantially reduce energy consumption and environmental impact. The implementation of smart control strategies reduced electric power demand from solar panels during the winter season, with the smart radiation control system achieving a 25% reduction in electric supply and the smart indoor temperature control system achieving a 30% reduction
Jalghaf et al. (Mon,) studied this question.