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To develop a highly efficient and minimally invasive gene transfection method, the cells after direct plasma irradiation under various conditions are evaluated by simultaneous analysis of transfection efficiency and cell viability. As a result, the efficiency has a maximal value at a short plasma irradiation time (3–5 s) while maintaining a very high cell viability, and the volume of irradiated cell suspension changes the time dependence of the efficiency, which could be caused by the competition between the synergetic effects of reactive oxygen species and electric field stimulation, and membrane transport such as exocytosis which is the process of excretion.
Sasaki et al. (Thu,) studied this question.