Periodontal disease is multifactorial, influenced by both local and systemic factors. Environmental variables, such as sleep quality, may affect periodontal health; however, scant literature has addressed this relationship in factory workers. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of sleep quality on periodontal health in night-shift factory workers in Ahmedabad city. A cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted on 360 workers from six selected factories in Ahmedabad city, Gujarat. Demographic data including age, sex, marital status, and tobacco use were recorded. Sleep quality was evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. A clinical assessment was done to assess the oral hygiene status and periodontal status by using the Oral Hygiene Index–Simplified and the WHO 1997 methodology, respectively. There were a total 198 (55%) day-shift workers and 162 (45%) night-shift workers. The global sleep quality mean scores in the day shift and night shift workers were 3.85 ± 2.14 and 4.80 ± 2.27, with a significant difference. The night shift workers had a significantly (P<0.05) worse score as compared to day shift workers when the oral hygiene status and periodontal status mean score were compared. Age (AOR=5.52; 95% CI=1.98–15.39; P<0.001), sex (AOR=5.89; 95% CI=1.74–19.94; P=0.004), oral hygiene (AOR=6.75; 95% CI=3.67–12.42; P<0.001), night shift (AOR=2.13; 95% CI=1.27–3.59; P=0.004), and poor sleep quality (AOR=2.65; 95% CI=1.47–4.78; P<0.001) were the independent risk factors for periodontal status. In conclusion, the findings indicate that night-shift factory workers exhibit significantly poorer sleep quality, oral hygiene, and periodontal health as compared to their day-shift counterparts.
TRIVEDI et al. (Mon,) studied this question.