Key points are not available for this paper at this time.
One of the major sources of losses in a photovoltaic (PV) system is the mismatch between the amounts of energy generated by two or more modules inside an array. This mismatch can be caused for instance by partial shading of the modules. This paper investigates the performance decrease of PV-modules under non-optimal irradiance conditions, and also some techniques used to mitigate this problem. Firstly, mathematical modeling of the PV module is simulated under different level of shading. Performance comparison is done between PV string configuration and those based on module level MPP tracking units in terms of mismatch losses. Further, promising technologies which increase the efficiency and reliability of such systems under mismatch conditions such as active bypass, AC-Modules and power optimizers are discussed.
Koirala et al. (Thu,) studied this question.