Pregnant women with type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes had significantly higher circulating levels of cardiac troponin T compared to euglycemic controls.
Cross-Sectional (n=384)
No
Do cardiovascular biomarkers (cTnT, NT-proBNP, GDF-15) differ in pregnant women with diabetes (DM1, DM2, GDM) compared to euglycemic controls?
Pregnant women with diabetes, particularly Type 1, exhibit elevated cardiovascular biomarkers (cTnT, NT-proBNP, GDF-15) indicating myocardial stress, supporting the need for intensified long-term cardiovascular follow-up postpartum.
p-value: p=<0.001
AIM: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death in both men and women. Type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus (DM1 and DM2) are well-known risk factors for CVD. In addition, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a female sex-specific risk factor for CVD. Here, we measure circulating concentrations of cardiac troponin T (cTNT), N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) during pregnancy-a window of time often referred to as a cardiovascular stress test for women. METHODS: This study utilized data from 384 pregnant women: 64 with DM1, 16 with DM2, 35 with GDM and 269 euglycemic controls. Blood was predominantly sampled within a week before delivery. Cardiovascular biomarker concentrations were measured in serum using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. RESULT: Circulating cTnT levels were higher in women with DM1, DM2 and GDM as compared to controls, whereas NT-proBNP and GDF-15 levels were only increased in women with DM1. Glucose dysregulation, assessed by third trimester HbA1c levels, positively correlated with all three CVD biomarker levels, whereas pregestational body mass index correlated negatively with GDF-15. CONCLUSIONS: Our results support the presence of myocardial affection in women with diabetic disorders during pregnancy. Although pregestational DM1 in this study was associated with the most adverse CVD biomarker profile, women with GDM displayed an adverse cTnT profile similar to what we found in women with pregestational DM2. This supports that women with GDM should be offered long-term intensified cardiovascular follow-up and lifestyle advice following delivery, similarly to the well-established CV follow-up of women with pregestational DM.
Jacobsen et al. (Thu,) conducted a cross-sectional in Pregnancy with diabetes (Type 1, Type 2, or Gestational) (n=384). Diabetes mellitus during pregnancy (DM1, DM2, GDM) vs. Euglycemic pregnant women was evaluated on Circulating cardiac troponin T (cTnT) concentration (p=<0.001). Pregnant women with type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes had significantly higher circulating levels of cardiac troponin T compared to euglycemic controls.