This paper focuses on the tutelary deities of south Odisha most importantly Khambhesvari, Mohuri Kalua, Thakurani, Majhighariani, and Markama, their ritual activities, and patronization by little kings of Odisha. One of the most prominentcharacteristics of the religious life of south Odisha is the greater significance accorded to those deities of the little tradition who are regarded as mother goddesses or earth goddesses.
Thobir Kumar Lima (Tue,) studied this question.