High salt intake was significantly associated with a reduced likelihood of successful blood pressure control (OR 0.64) compared to normal salt intake among hypertensive patients.
Observational (n=1,139)
Yes
Do lifestyle modifications (weight management, physical activity, reduced salt intake) improve blood pressure control in hypertensive patients prescribed candesartan?
Weight gain, physical inactivity, and high salt intake are significantly associated with inadequate blood pressure control in hypertensive patients newly prescribed candesartan.
Odds Ratio: 0.64 (95% CI 0.43–0.97)
p-value: p=0.034
BACKGROUND: Hypertension is highly prevalent among patients who visit primary care clinics. Various factors and lifestyle behaviors are associated with effective blood pressure control. We aimed to identify factors and lifestyle modifications associated with blood pressure control among patients prescribed antihypertensive agents. METHODS: This survey was conducted at 15 hospital-based family practices in Korea from July 2008 to June 2010. We prospectively recruited and retrospectively assessed 1,453 patients prescribed candesartan. An initial evaluation of patients' lifestyles was performed using individual questions. Follow-up questionnaires were administered at 4, 8, and 12 weeks. We defined successful blood pressure control as blood pressure <140 mm Hg systolic and <90 mm Hg diastolic. RESULTS: Of the 1,453 patients, 1,139 patients with available data for initial and final blood pressures were included. In the univariate analysis of the change in performance index, weight gain (odds ratio OR, 2.18; 95% confidence interval CI, 1.52 to 3.11; P<0.001), physical inactivity (OR, 1.195; 95% CI, 1.175 to 3.387; P=0.011), and increased salt intake (OR, 1.461; 95% CI, 1.029 to 2.075; P=0.034) were related to inadequate blood pressure control. Salt intake also showed a significant association. Multivariate ORs were calculated for age, sex, body mass index, education, income, alcohol consumption, smoking status, salt intake, comorbidity, and family history of hypertension. In the multivariate analysis, sex (OR, 3.55; 95% CI, 2.02 to 6.26; P<0.001), salt intake (OR, 0.64; 95% CI 0.43 to 0.97; P=0.034), and comorbidity (OR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.23 to 2.69; P=0.003) were associated with successful blood pressure control. CONCLUSION: Weight gain, physical inactivity, and high salt intake were associated with inadequate blood pressure control.
Yang et al. (Sun,) conducted a observational in Hypertension (n=1,139). High salt intake vs. Normal salt intake was evaluated on Successful blood pressure control (<140/90 mm Hg) (OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.43 to 0.97, p=0.034). High salt intake was significantly associated with a reduced likelihood of successful blood pressure control (OR 0.64) compared to normal salt intake among hypertensive patients.