The global retail landscape has undergone a seismic shift from physical storefronts to digital ecosystems. This research paper explores the evolution of E-commerce and M-commerce (Mobile Commerce) and critically analyzes the rise of platform-based business models. The study aims to identify the drivers of digital adoption and the operational efficiencies provided by platform architectures. Using a secondary qualitative and quantitative research methodology, the paper examines data from the period 2021–2026. Key findings suggest that M-commerce now accounts for over 70% of total e-retail in emerging markets. The paper concludes that while platform models offer scalability, a hybrid approach combining Marketplaces and D2C channels is essential for long-term sustainability.
Dr. Shaikh Yasmin Ismail (Mon,) studied this question.