This article examines the meanings of daoti 道體 (Dao as reality), shenti 身體 (body), xinti 心體 (heart-mind) and gongtongti 共同體 (community) in Confucianism and Daoism, interpreting them as ‘religions of awakening’ while reflecting on the dominance of Western religious discourse through ‘reverse analogical interpretation.’ Whereas modern Religious Studies scholarship largely follows the paradigm of ‘faith-based religions,’ this article argues that Confucianism and Daoism center on awakening, aiming to realize the unity of Heaven and humanity (天人合一) through inner awakening (覺醒) and practice (實踐). Daoism expresses this through a cosmology in which ‘humans model themselves on Earth, Earth on Heaven, Heaven on the Dao and the Dao on spontaneity’ and practices such as ‘reaching utmost emptiness’ (致虛極) and ‘maintaining tranquility’ (守靜篤). Confucianism articulates a path from ‘investigating things and extending knowledge’ (格物致知) to ‘cultivating the self and bringing peace to the world’ (修齊治平). Together, these traditions present an integrated vision in which Body, Heart-Mind, Community and Dao as Reality are fundamentally unified.
Anwu Lin (Thu,) studied this question.