An Inference Model of ElectronSpin Based on Confined Photons

In conventional quantum mechanics, electronspin is defined as an intrinsic angular momentum of microscopic particles, modelled and calculated via matrix equations and quantum mathematical formulas. It has long lacked an intuitive physical interpretation. The classical solidsphere rotation model is discarded by mainstream physics because it leads to a fatal paradox: the surface speed of an electron would exceed the speed of light. Current quantumphysics research generally builds mathematical frameworks first and adjusts physical models afterwards to match computational results, which risks theories prioritizing mathematical consistency over realworld physical observations. This paper adjusts the research logic, taking physical phenomena as primary research grounds and postponing quantitative mathematical calculations to laterstage studies. Based on proven physical facts including the constancy of light speed, highenergy photon radiation from nuclear explosions and measured angularmomentum data of electron spin, a confinedphoton inference model is established through logical deduction. The core viewpoint indicates that elementary particles such as electrons, protons and neutrons form when photons reaching criticallevel energy are restricted by an unidentified microscopic interaction mechanism. A single particle may consist of one or a small number of photons, whose exact quantity cannot be confirmed at the present stage. The confinement boundary is merely an abstract theoretical concept without solid physical barriers, which only limits the motion range of photons. Electron spin does not stem from the wholescale rotation of an electron sphere like Earth’s rotation. It is the overall angularmomentum effect observed experimentally, generated by momentum superposition of continuously moving confined internal photons. Photons must attain the minimum critical energy to be stably bound; stable microscopic particles cannot form below this energy threshold. Massive energy release in nuclearfission or nuclearfusion explosions originates from the collapse of particlebinding mechanisms. Once confinement fails, trapped photons escape outwards at light speed directly with no acceleration process. This paper completes qualitative logical deduction and constructs an integrated physical framework covering particle origin, spingeneration mechanism and nuclearenergy release. Mathematical derivation and datafitting calculations are reserved for followup research, providing an innovative theoretical approach for exploring the underlying principle of particle spin.