Recent frequent outbreaks of seasonal infectious diseases have surged emergency medical demand in large cities, causing hospital influxes and exacerbating road congestion. To address this, this study proposes a continuous emergency dedicated lane deployment strategy centered around urban hospitals to segregate rescue and civilian traffic. Adopting a macroscopic perspective, a bilevel programming model (lane reservation problem—complex emergency lane) was developed to minimize the total dedicated lane length and ambulance travel time. The lower-level model integrates lane counts with the Dijkstra algorithm to ascertain the shortest time path. Furthermore, a genetic algorithm with repair strategies (GA-R) was introduced to solve the model effectively. Case studies demonstrate that the GA-R algorithm reduced the average travel time from hospitals to emergency points by approximately 15%, verifying the utility of dedicated lanes in enhancing the efficiency of emergency medical response systems.
Liang et al. (Sun,) studied this question.
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