Design, experimental, and theoretical investigation of the solar concentrating thermal system

Concentrated solar thermal (CSP) systems suffer from low thermal efficiency due to high heat losses, uneven distribution of solar flux on the conventional thermal receiver, and poor absorption of solar radiation. Therefore, the research problem lies in designing and analyzing a solar thermal concentrator system equipped with a conical thermal receiver to improve heat transfer, increase thermal efficiency, and reduce heat losses compared to traditional thermal receivers. In addition to the limited number of studies that combine theoretical and experimental investigation of the thermal cone receptor. The research methodology was based on the theoretical, design, and practical aspects of the system, where a solar thermal concentrating system was designed using a solar reflector and a conical thermal receiver. Using a mathematical model to calculate the Q sun concentrator value was found to be 16.674 kW and the Q sun receiver value is 1.02 kW. The thermal receiver was designed with an area of Ar is 0.075 m 2 and Tr is 326.2 k, and the receiver operating temperature reached 761 k, energy absorbed and lost by the system, the thermal efficiency of the system (60%), calculate the intensity of solar radiation. The practical aspect involved setting up an experimental system consisting of a solar collector, a conical heat receiver, a thermal fluid circulation system, a thermal storage tank, and a solar radiation intensity sensor. Experiments were then conducted under different operating conditions. The main results showed that the conical heat sink achieved a better heat flux distribution compared to conventional heat sinks, improving system efficiency due to increased radiation absorption and reduced heat loss. The theoretical results were consistent with the experimental results, with a margin of error. The research contributes to the development of a new design for a cone-shaped thermal receiver that improves system performance, integrating theoretical and experimental studies to provide a comprehensive model, enhancing thermal efficiency and reducing losses compared to traditional receivers, and providing a theoretical and practical database on the performance of cone-shaped receivers under different operating conditions. The system can be applied in industrial applications such as water heating and thermal power generation.