Methods of Induction of Labor in Ayurveda:- A Literature Review

Induction of labour has become a frequently practiced obstetric intervention in modern medicine to prevent maternal and fetal complications associated with prolonged pregnancy and dysfunctional labour. Although effective, unnecessary or excessive intervention may lead to increased operative deliveries and related complications. Ayurveda, the traditional system of Indian medicine, emphasizes the achievement of Sukha Prasava (smooth and uncomplicated childbirth) through systematic antenatal care and maintenance of physiological balance during pregnancy. The concept of Garbhini Paricharya described in classical Ayurvedic literature provides comprehensive guidelines regarding diet, lifestyle, and therapeutic measures to support healthy pregnancy and facilitate normal labour. A key factor highlighted In Ayurvedic obstetrics is the proper functioning of Alana Vat, the subtype of Vat Dosha responsible for downward physiological movements including menstruation, urination, defecation, and childbirth. Any disturbance in Apana Vata may contribute to delayed or obstructed labour. Classical texts such as Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, and Ashtanga Hridaya describe various internal and external therapeutic approaches intended to promote timely onset and smooth progression of labour. These include specific dietary recommendations, herbal formulations, oleation therapies, medicated enemas (Basti), abdominal and vaginal applications, and other supportive procedures aimed at balancing Vata and preparing the maternal body for delivery. Such interventions are designed to strengthen maternal tissues, promote cervical readiness, regulate uterine activity, and support the natural mechanism of labour. By maintaining physiological harmony and ensuring proper functioning of Apana Vata, Ayurvedic principles offer a holistic and preventive approach to childbirth. Integrating these traditional concepts with modern obstetric care may contribute to safer maternal outcomes and reduce the need for unnecessary labour induction and operative interventions.