This study addresses the critical question of how cognitive behavioral coaching (CBC) works, why, and under what circumstances, an area with limited existing evidence despite CBC's growing use in organizations. Using a realist approach, the authors tested and refined initial program theories through eight stakeholder interviews, following RAMESES standards to ensure methodological rigor. The analysis yielded 11 program theories across cognitive, behavioral, goal progression, and program implementation themes. The findings advance theoretical understanding by identifying CBC mechanisms and their outcomes, both intended and unintended. Practically, the study offers insights for designing more effective, context-sensitive coaching interventions in workplace settings and highlights directions for future research.
Abdelfatah et al. (Mon,) studied this question.