Background Digital democracy has transformed political communication and participation, especially among Generation Z voters who actively use social media and digital platforms. In the 2024 Indonesian election, digital spaces became important arenas for accessing political information, expressing opinions, and engaging in public debate. However, the rise of post-truth politics also created challenges through misinformation, disinformation, and emotionally driven political narratives. Methods This study used a quantitative survey design to examine the influence of digital democracy, political literacy, and post-truth politics on Generation Z’s political participation in the 2024 Indonesian election. The respondents were Generation Z voters aged 18–28 years who were registered in the 2024 Permanent Voter List across 38 provinces in Indonesia. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire with a four-point Likert scale. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with AMOS to test direct, mediating, and moderating relationships among the variables. Results The findings show that digital democracy significantly strengthens Generation Z’s political literacy. Political literacy also has a significant positive influence on political participation. In addition, digital democracy directly influences political participation and indirectly influences it through political literacy. This indicates that political literacy functions as a mediator between digital democracy and political participation. The study also finds that post-truth politics negatively moderates the relationship between political literacy and political participation, meaning that the positive effect of political literacy becomes weaker when post-truth politics is high. Conclusions Digital democracy and political literacy are important factors in strengthening Generation Z’s political participation in the 2024 Indonesian election. Political literacy helps Gen Z voters evaluate political information critically and participate more meaningfully, while post-truth politics can weaken this process through biased and manipulative information.
Latuconsina et al. (Mon,) studied this question.