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Curves relating left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) to echocardiographically determined end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) were obtained before and after ischemic arrest in 15 patients dur- ing open heart surgery.LVEDP ranged from 0-20 mm Hg during routine operation of the heart-lung machine.Ischemic arrest ranged from 0-94 minutes.In eight patients averaging 21 ± 7 (SEM) minutes of arrest, we saw no change in LVEDP-LVEDD curves.In five patients averaging 55 ± 15 minutes of arrest, we noted temporary alterations in EDP-EDD curves (p < 0.05).The curves returned to normal within 30-60 minutes after ischemia.In two patients with an average of 66 minutes of arrest, we observed changes in the EDP-EDD curves which did not revert to normal.Available data did not allow us to distinguish between impaired ventricular relaxation and a true change in ventricular compliance as a cause of the shift in the EDP-EDD curve, but ischemia appears to be a major factor in the observed changes.Increased LVEDP after ischemic arrest during open heart surgery may reflect a decrease in left ventricular compliance, rather than an increase in heart size.The probability of altered LVEDP-LVEDD relations appears to depend on the duration of ischemic arrest.
Spotnitz et al. (1979) studied this question.