Theoretical Prerequisites for the Integration of Fire Safety Into the Architectural and Planning Organization of Public Buildings

Integration of fire safety requirements into the architectural and planning organization of public buildings is a pressing problem of modern construction. The increase in the number of fires in public buildings, which leads to significant material damage and human casualties, emphasizes the need to improve fire protection measures at the design stage. However, despite the availability of regulatory documents, in practice there are often shortcomings in the integration of fire protection measures into architectural and planning solutions. This may be due to insufficient attention to the choice of fire-resistant materials, failure to comply with the requirements for evacuation routes or ignoring modern fire protection systems. The rapid development of new construction technologies and infrastructure of settlements necessitates the constant improvement of fire protection requirements for public buildings both in terms of their volumetric and structural solutions and in terms of equipping them with adequate fire protection systems. Thus, the problem arises of developing and implementing effective methods for integrating fire safety into the architectural and planning organization of public buildings, taking into account modern technologies, materials and engineering systems, and ensuring compliance with the current legislation of Ukraine. Solving this problem will contribute to increasing the level of safety of public buildings, reducing the risks of fires and minimizing their consequences for people and material values. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the theoretical foundations of integrating fire safety into the process of architectural and planning organization of public buildings, identifying key principles, methods and approaches to ensure the effective implementation of this aspect at the design stage. Given the current trends in urbanization and innovations in construction, it is important to implement a comprehensive approach to integrating fire safety, which includes risk analysis, the use of the latest engineering solutions and constant updating of the regulatory framework. Ensuring fire safety in public buildings is not only a technical task, but also an important social and legal obligation that requires coordinated interaction between all participants in the architectural and construction process.