Milestones and Competences in Teaching Romanian as a Second Language

Teaching Romanian as a second language (RSL) requires a structured approach that aligns linguistic milestones with key competences. This paper explores the stages of language acquisition in RSL, from basic communication skills to advanced proficiency, highlighting the role of phonetics, grammar, and vocabulary development. It examines the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) as a guideline for curriculum design and assessment. Additionally, it identifies essential competences, such as intercultural awareness, pragmatic communication, and language mediation. The paper also discusses effective teaching strategies, including immersive learning, task-based instruction, and digital tools. Special attention is given to the challenges faced by learners with different linguistic backgrounds and the importance of adaptive teaching methods. By analysing best practices and pedagogical innovations, this study provides insights into optimizing RSL instruction, ensuring learners progress efficiently through language milestones while acquiring the necessary competences for real-world communication.