Digital transformation in university libraries in Nigeria: Experience at the Kenneth Dike Library, University of Ibadan, Nigeria

Digital transformation (DT) has become essential for university libraries seeking to remain relevant in the evolving digital information landscape. This paper examines the concept, drivers, challenges, and prospects of digital transformation in university libraries, with particular reference to the Kenneth Dike Library, University of Ibadan, Nigeria. DT is conceptualised as the strategic integration of digital technologies into library operations, services, and culture to enhance access to information and support teaching, learning, and research (TLR). The study adopts a descriptive and analytical approach to highlight key drivers of DT, including technology-related continuous professional development, management support, funding and ICT infrastructure, staff capacity building, and policy frameworks. The paper further explores global trends in digital transformation and contrasts them with the Nigerian context, where progress is evident but constrained by infrastructural deficits, inadequate funding, limited digital competencies, and organisational resistance to change. The Kenneth Dike Library is presented as a case study, illustrating its transition from manual systems to an in-house integrated library system, digitisation initiatives, institutional repository development, and adoption of emerging technologies such as cloud computing and artificial intelligence. Findings reveal that digital transformation efforts are influenced by operational, contextual, and strategic challenges. Key lessons include the importance of leadership commitment, strategic planning, staff training, and user- centered service design. The study also proposes a harmonised Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) framework, alongside a practical roadmap for implementation. The paper concludes that despite existing challenges, digital transformation offers significant opportunities for enhancing service delivery, improving access to scholarly resources, and positioning university libraries as central hubs in the digital academic ecosystem. Also, recommendations for effective adoption and implementation of DT are made.