What does this research mean for the field?

Manufacturer identity significantly influences the release of nickel and iron from orthodontic archwires independently of alloy type, and fluoride selectively disrupts the passive film of nickel-titanium wires. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.INCREMENTAL. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

What question did this study set out to answer?

The study aims to assess the release of metal ions from orthodontic archwires in different saliva conditions and evaluate the influence of manufacturers.

May 16, 2026Open Access

Multi-Element Ion Release from Stainless Steel and Nickel–Titanium Orthodontic Archwires in Neutral and Fluoride-Containing Artificial Saliva: A Factorial In Vitro ICP-OES Study

Puntos clave

The study aims to assess the release of metal ions from orthodontic archwires in different saliva conditions and evaluate the influence of manufacturers.
Non-parametric tests were used to analyze ion release quantified by ICP-OES from four manufacturers' archwires immersed in neutral and fluoride-containing artificial saliva.
Archwires tested included stainless steel (SS) and nickel-titanium (NiTi) varieties, measured over 35 days at six time points.
NiTi archwires released significantly more nickel than SS in fluoride saliva (p = 0.029).
American Orthodontics NiTi released more nickel than Dentaurum and Ormco (p = 0.005).
Ormco SS released three times more iron compared to other SS wires (p = 0.003).

Resumen

Background: Corrosion of orthodontic archwires raises biocompatibility concerns; yet, comparative multi-element data across manufacturers remain scarce. Methods: Ni, Cr, Fe, and Ti release was quantified by ICP-OES from SS and NiTi rectangular archwires (0.43 × 0.64 mm) from four manufacturers (Ormco, 3M Unitek, Dentaurum, and American Orthodontics) and immersed in artificial saliva (pH~7.0) and fluoride-containing saliva (+0.05% NaF) at six time points (days 1–35). Release was normalised to wire mass (mg g−1). Non-parametric tests were applied. Results: NiTi wires released significantly more Ni than SS wires in +NaF at all time points (p = 0.029). An exploratory manufacturer effect on Ni release from NiTi was detected (Kruskal–Wallis H = 12.99, p = 0.005); American Orthodontics exceeded Dentaurum and Ormco. Ormco SS released ~3-fold more Fe than other SS wires (H = 13.68, p = 0.003). Ti was detectable exclusively in NiTi wires in +NaF; all specimens were below LOQ in pH~7.0. Cr release was uniformly low (0.017–0.023 mg g−1). Conclusions: Manufacturer identity influences Ni and Fe release independently of alloy type. Fluoride selectively disrupts the NiTi passive film. These exploratory findings, derived from a single-specimen pilot design, may inform clinical material selection in nickel-sensitive patients pending replication.

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Cite This Study

Mikulewicz et al. (Mon,) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a080a71a487c87a6a40c5c5 https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/app16104778

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