Los puntos clave no están disponibles para este artículo en este momento.
A free-energy expression for a pure superconductor is derived microscopically which includes effects of a nonlocal order parameter. In the presence of strong field the simple transformation qq+2e{A}c is no longer valid. Using this free energy, fluctuation-induced diamagnetism of a superconductor above T₂ is calculated. The resulting universal behavior for pure superconductors is in good agreement with the experiment of Gollub, Beasley, and Tinkham.
Lee et al. (Mon,) studied this question.