Smoking cessation reduced CRP levels over time, but levels remained elevated up to 5 years post-cessation (p<0.001), with lifetime pack-years showing an independent dose relationship with CRP.
Cross-Sectional (n=4,072)
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Does smoking cessation and lifetime smoking exposure affect C-reactive protein levels in adults without CHD?
Lifetime smoking exposure continues to impact CRP levels post-cessation, suggesting CRP elevation is mediated by secondary mechanisms like tissue damage rather than direct cigarette smoke effects.
valor p: p=<.001
C-reactive protein (CRP) levels predict coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. Levels are raised among smokers, but the effect of smoking cessation is unclear. Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) may be a confounder. Lifetime smoking exposure may have a dose effect on CRP among smokers, but it is unclear if this persists after cessation. We analyzed cross-sectional data on 4,072 adults recruited to a Scotland-wide population health survey who did not have CHD and were not on nicotine replacement therapy. CRP fell with time from cessation but was still raised up to 5 years after adjustment for case-mix (p<.001). SHS exposure was greater among ex-smokers than never-smokers (median cotinine 0.5 ng/ml vs. 0.4 ng/ml, p<.001) but did not explain the difference. Among smokers, there was a dose relationship between pack years and CRP on both univariate, F(4,1279) = 31.841, p<.001, and multivariate, F(4,1085) = 3.499, p = .008, analysis. Among ex-smokers there was also a dose relationship between pack-years and CRP, F(4,751) = 14.108, p<.001, which was independent of time from cessation and case-mix, F(4,466) = 3.744, p = .005. That CRP does not fall to normal levels immediately and that lifetime smoking exposure continues to impact on CRP levels post cessation suggest that CRP is not raised as a direct effect of cigarette smoke but rather via a secondary mechanism, such as tissue damage causing an inflammatory stimulus. Our results reinforce the need to encourage smoking cessation as early as possible.
Hastie et al. (Tue,) conducted a cross-sectional in Smoking and C-reactive protein levels (n=4,072). Smoking cessation and lifetime smoking exposure vs. Never-smokers and current smokers was evaluated on C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (p=<.001). Smoking cessation reduced CRP levels over time, but levels remained elevated up to 5 years post-cessation (p<0.001), with lifetime pack-years showing an independent dose relationship with CRP.