Pigment epithelium-derived factor and osteopontin protect human retinal pigment epithelial cells from oxidative stress in 2D and 3D models

-induced oxidative stress damage. In 3D TECS, CMs secreted insufficient levels of PEDF and OPN for RPE cells to manage oxidative stress-induced damage. These findings demonstrate that exogenous supplementation with PEDF and OPN proteins may be beneficial for oxidative-stress related eye diseases.