This study investigates the development and implementation of Positive Energy Districts (PEDs), focusing on the Hard Community in Winterthur, Switzerland. PEDs are urban areas designed to achieve a net-positive energy balance by integrating renewable energy sources and energy-efficient technologies, thus contributing to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and enhancing urban sustainability. The research encompasses two primary tasks: a comprehensive social analysis and stakeholder engagement, and the specification and ideation of technical energy solutions. The analysis highlights community participation and inclusive decision-making processes in successfully implementing PEDs. The second task focuses on the PED framework's technical aspects of energy management. It includes detailed evaluations and integration strategies for various renewable energy technologies such as hydropower, solar power, EV charging stations, solar thermal systems, and heat pumps. An Excel-based simulation tool is employed to model different energy scenarios from collected and simulated data, for the optimization of energy consumption and production patterns in the Hard Community. The scenarios explore different combinations of renewable energy sources and energy-saving technologies, providing a comprehensive understanding of their technical feasibility and economic viability. Key findings reveal that a successful PED requires a synergistic approach that combines advanced technical solutions with active community involvement and supportive policy frameworks. The technical analysis underscores the importance of integrating multiple renewable energy sources and enhancing energy efficiency to achieve the PED goals. Results from the simulation indicate significant potential for energy savings and renewable energy generation, demonstrating the viability of achieving a net-positive energy balance in the Hard Community.
Conte et al. (Sun,) studied this question.