This article offers a comprehensive analysis of the legal regulation of unfair competition within the European Union, focusing on the doctrinal development and harmonization efforts that culminated in the adoption of Directive 2005/29/EC on Unfair Commercial Practices. Drawing on comparative perspectives, the paper examines the historical foundations and divergent regulatory approaches of EU member states, highlighting the shift from traditional business protection models toward a consumer-centered framework. Special attention is paid to the implementation challenges, structural components, and harmonization impact of the Directive, particularly in balancing national legal diversity with supranational standards. The study also addresses persistent discrepancies in the interpretation of key legal terms such as "unfairness," "misleading," and "professional diligence," as well as the limits of voluntary self-regulation. The article concludes that while Directive 2005/29/EC has significantly advanced the alignment of national laws with EU competition principles, the complete unification of unfair competition regulation remains a long-term objective, impeded by both legal pluralism and conceptual fragmentation.
Zokhirjon Ochilovich Mirzarakhimov (Fri,) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: