With the advancement of drone technology, the availability of different sensors has become more reliable and cost-effective for monitoring large open-pit mine project activities. Key advantages of drone technology, including low operational expenses, rapid revisit capabilities, deployment flexibility, and high precision, have established these systems as powerful instruments for monitoring open-pit mine areas. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of drone technology utilization in open-pit mine reclamation monitoring. Mining 4.0 has shown promise in open-pit mine monitoring for drone deployment for use in green mining practices. This review synthesizes current research on drone survey platforms, various sensor technologies, and their practical field applications within open-pit mines for mine reclamation monitoring. This review study aims to establish a robust framework for the monitoring and management of mine reclamation. This study will provide a technically reliable reference, advancing the knowledge and application of drone technology for reclamation monitoring and management.
Chand et al. (Tue,) studied this question.