Based on the results of studying the evolution of structural-phase states and the dislocation substructure of rail steel under uniaxial compression deformation up to a degree of 50%, a quantitative analysis of the hardening mechanisms of this steel under compression conditions has been performed. The contributions to hardening due to friction of the matrix lattice, the dislocation substructure, the presence of carbide particles, the internal stress fields, the solid solution and substructural hardening of the pearlite component are quantified. Taking into account these estimates and in accordance with the principle of additivity, the strength of rail steel was determined at various stages of plastic deformation by compression. A comparative analysis of the experimental and theoretical deformation curves σ(ε) showed their good agreement.
Porfiriev et al. (Sun,) studied this question.